Development and efficiency optimizing of the human body energy converters

Nowadays it is known that the human body is continuous source of many types of energy and the devices used for collecting energy taken from the environment also have the required capabilities for the collection of the energy produced by the Human body (HB), but very limited and with very low efficiency. Low power and high yield converters are particularly needed in these cases of collecting energy from human activity and its movements due to the small amount of energy generated this way. But this situation can be improved. Enhancing or focusing the human movements by using mechanical amplifiers applied to the piezoelectric element. By doing so the input of energy in the element increases. As such increasing its output, therefore producing more energy

Elementos de produção de milho doce em diferentes densidades populacionais

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the population density effect upon yieldcomponents of sweet corn during two crop years. The experimental design used was the randomizedcomplete blocks with four replications. The treatments were based on combination among sweetcorn hybrids (Tropical Plus and RB-6324) and plant populations (40,000; 55,000; 70,000; 85,000 and100,000 plants ha-1), in the factorial scheme 2 x 5, evaluated in two “Summer” crop years (2009 and2010). The characteristics evaluated were number of rows per ear, number of grains per ear row,plant prolificacy and total husked ear yield, whose average values were submitted to the jointanalysis of variance. In the year of 2009 for Tropical Plus and in the year of 2010 for RB-6324, theprolificacy decreased linearly until the maximum population of plants used, which presented valuesof 1.04 ear plant-1 and of 1.02 ear plant-1, respectively. A minimum value of prolificacy (1.08 earplant-1) was observed for RB-6324 in 2009 with 92,935 plants ha-1. In 2009, the highest yields of huskedears for Tropical Plus (8.43 t ha-1) and for RB-6324 (9.88 t ha-1) were achieved with a density of 100,000plants ha-1. On the other hand, in the second crop year, the yields increased quadratically from51,848 plants ha-1 (7.78 t ha-1), for Tropical Plus, and from 57,648 plants ha-1 (9.32 t ha-1), for RB-6324,until the maximum population of plants evaluated, whereupon presented their respective maximumvalues of 12.04 t ha-1 and 12.31 t ha-1. In general, the increase in population was unfavorable to theprolificacy of plants, but did not impair the husked ear yield, for which it was noted better answerswith a population of 100,000 plants ha-1, in both crop years and hybrids used.O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito da densidade populacional sobre componentes de produção de milho doce durante dois anos agrícolas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos completos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se da combinação entre híbridos de milho doce (Tropical Plus e RB-6324) e populações de plantas (40.000, 55.000, 70.000, 85.000 e 100.000 plantas ha-1), no esquema fatorial 2 x 5, avaliados em dois anos agrícolas de “Verão” (2009 e 2010). Foram analisadas as características número de fileiras por espiga, número de grãos por fileira de espiga, prolificidade de plantas e produtividade média total de espigas despalhadas, cujos valores médios foram submetidos à análise de variância conjunta. No ano de 2009 para Tropical Plus e no de 2010 para RB-6324, a prolificidade reduziu linearmente até a máxima população de plantas utilizada, na qual apresentaram os valores de 1,04 espiga planta-1 e 1,02 espiga planta-1, respectivamente. Um mínimo valor de prolificidade (1,08 espiga planta-1) foi observado para RB-6324 no ano de 2009 com 92.935 plantas ha-1. Em 2009, as maiores produtividades de espigas despalhadas de Tropical Plus (8,43 t ha-1) e RB-6324 (9,88 t ha-1) foram atingidas com a densidade de 100.000 plantas ha-1. Por sua vez, no segundo ano agrícola, as produtividades aumentaram quadraticamente de 51.848 plantas ha-1 (7,78 t ha-1), para Tropical Plus, e de 57.648 plantas ha-1 (9,32 t ha-1), para RB-6324, até a máxima população de plantas avaliada, em que apresentaram seus respectivos máximos valores de 12,04 t ha-1 e 12,31 t ha-1. De maneira geral, o incremento populacional foi desfavorável à prolificidade de plantas, porém não prejudicou a produtividade de espigas despalhadas, para a qual se notou melhores respostas com a população de 100.000 plantas ha-1, em ambos os anos agrícolas e híbridos utilizados. Yield elements of sweet corn in different population densitiesAbstractThe objective of the present study was to evaluate the population density effect upon yieldcomponents of sweet corn during two crop years. The experimental design used was the randomizedcomplete blocks with four replications. The treatments were based on combination among sweetcorn hybrids (Tropical Plus and RB-6324) and plant populations (40,000; 55,000; 70,000; 85,000 and100,000 plants ha-1), in the factorial scheme 2 x 5, evaluated in two “Summer” crop years (2009 and2010). The characteristics evaluated were number of rows per ear, number of grains per ear row,plant prolificacy and total husked ear yield, whose average values were submitted to the jointanalysis of variance. In the year of 2009 for Tropical Plus and in the year of 2010 for RB-6324, theprolificacy decreased linearly until the maximum population of plants used, which presented valuesof 1.04 ear plant-1 and of 1.02 ear plant-1, respectively. A minimum value of prolificacy (1.08 earplant-1) was observed for RB-6324 in 2009 with 92,935 plants ha-1. In 2009, the highest yields of huskedears for Tropical Plus (8.43 t ha-1) and for RB-6324 (9.88 t ha-1) were achieved with a density of 100,000plants ha-1. On the other hand, in the second crop year, the yields increased quadratically from51,848 plants ha-1 (7.78 t ha-1), for Tropical Plus, and from 57,648 plants ha-1 (9.32 t ha-1), for RB-6324,until the maximum population of plants evaluated, whereupon presented their respective maximumvalues of 12.04 t ha-1 and 12.31 t ha-1. In general, the increase in population was unfavorable to theprolificacy of plants, but did not impair the husked ear yield, for which it was noted better answerswith a population of 100,000 plants ha-1, in both crop years and hybrids used

Data standardization of plant-pollinator interactions

Background: Animal pollination is an important ecosystem function and service, ensuring both the integrity of natural systems and human well-being. Although many knowledge shortfalls remain, some high-quality data sets on biological interactions are now available. The development and adoption of standards for biodiversity data and metadata has promoted great advances in biological data sharing and aggregation, supporting large-scale studies and science-based public policies. However, these standards are currently not suitable to fully support interaction data sharing. Results: Here we present a vocabulary of terms and a data model for sharing plant–pollinator interactions data based on the Darwin Core standard. The vocabulary introduces 48 new terms targeting several aspects of plant–pollinator interactions and can be used to capture information from different approaches and scales. Additionally, we provide solutions for data serialization using RDF, XML, and DwC-Archives and recommendations of existing controlled vocabularies for some of the terms. Our contribution supports open access to standardized data on plant–pollinator interactions. Conclusions: The adoption of the vocabulary would facilitate data sharing to support studies ranging from the spatial and temporal distribution of interactions to the taxonomic, phenological, functional, and phylogenetic aspects of plant–pollinator interactions. We expect to fill data and knowledge gaps, thus further enabling scientific research on the ecology and evolution of plant–pollinator communities, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services, and the development of public policies. The proposed data model is flexible and can be adapted for sharing other types of interactions data by developing discipline-specific vocabularies of terms.Fil: Salim, José A. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Saraiva, Antonio M.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Zermoglio, Paula Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones En Recursos Naturales, Agroecologia y Desarrollo Rural. - Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones En Recursos Naturales, Agroecologia y Desarrollo Rural.; ArgentinaFil: Agostini, Kayna. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; BrasilFil: Wolowski, Marina. Universidade Federal de Alfenas; BrasilFil: Drucker, Debora P.. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (embrapa);Fil: Soares, Filipi M.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Bergamo, Pedro J.. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Varassin, Isabela G.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Freitas, Leandro. Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro; BrasilFil: Maués, Márcia M.. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (embrapa);Fil: Rech, Andre R.. Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri; BrasilFil: Veiga, Allan K.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Acosta, Andre L.. Instituto Tecnológico Vale; BrasilFil: Araujo, Andréa C. Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul; BrasilFil: Nogueira, Anselmo. Universidad Federal do Abc; BrasilFil: Blochtein, Betina. Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Freitas, Breno M.. Universidade Estadual do Ceará; BrasilFil: Albertini, Bruno C.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Maia Silva, Camila. Universidade Federal Rural Do Semi Arido; BrasilFil: Nunes, Carlos E. P.. University of Stirling; BrasilFil: Pires, Carmen S. S.. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (embrapa);Fil: Dos Santos, Charles F.. Pontificia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Queiroz, Elisa P.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Cartolano, Etienne A.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: de Oliveira, Favízia F. Universidade Federal da Bahia; BrasilFil: Amorim, Felipe W.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; BrasilFil: Fontúrbel, Francisco E.. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso; ChileFil: da Silva, Gleycon V.. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Consolaro, Hélder. Universidade Federal de Catalão; Brasi

CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE FIBROEDEMAGELÓIDE E DOSAGEM DE ESTRADIOL

Introdução: O fibroedemagelóide (FEG) é considerado antiestético, de caráter multifatorial causando um mau funcionamento do sistema circulatório e das transformações do tecido conjuntivo, podendo resultar em dor local e até mesmo diminuição das atividades funcionais. O estrógeno influência de forma significativa no surgimento do FEG, pois ele pode modificar o equilíbrio das proteoglicanas e glicosaminoglicanas na substância fundamental amorfa. Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre a dosagem de estradiol e o grau de acometimento do fibroedemagelóide. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa observacional descritivo, a amostra foi composta por 40 indivíduos do sexo feminino, com faixa etária entre 17 e 45 anos de idade. A avaliação foi realizada através do PAFEG (validado) para análise do grau e forma clínica do FEG e também foi realizado exame da dosagem de estradiol na fase ovulatória de cada participante, ou seja, no 14º dia de um ciclo menstrual de 28 dias. Resultados: Os valores de normalidade do estradiol nessa fase variam entre 49 a 450 pg. Os resultados encontrados foram baseados nos valores da média da dose de estradiol de cada grupo: 250,37 para o grupo de FEG grau 1, 241,48 para o grupo de FEG grau 2 e 178,34 pg para o grupo de grau 3, portanto, os valores de estradiol estão dentro da faixa de normalidade, independente do grau do FEG. De acordo com estes dados foi possível avaliar que uma correlação negativa entre dosagem de estradiol com o grau do fibroedemagelóide (p= 0,032) e com a idade (p= 0,046) esta correlação foi positiva e significativa. Conclusão: A verificação da falta de uma relação entre o FEG e os níveis de estradiol pode ser justificada pelo caráter multifatorial da celulite, bem como a influência desse hormônio nas adaptações do tecido adiposo e conjuntivo e os sistemas circulatório e linfático

Data standardization of plant–pollinator interactions

Background: Animal pollination is an important ecosystem function and service, ensuring both the integrity of natural systems and human well-being. Although many knowledge shortfalls remain, some high-quality data sets on biological interactions are now available. The development and adoption of standards for biodiversity data and metadata has promoted great advances in biological data sharing and aggregation, supporting large-scale studies and science-based public policies. However, these standards are currently not suitable to fully support interaction data sharing. Results: Here we present a vocabulary of terms and a data model for sharing plant–pollinator interactions data based on the Darwin Core standard. The vocabulary introduces 48 new terms targeting several aspects of plant–pollinator interactions and can be used to capture information from different approaches and scales. Additionally, we provide solutions for data serialization using RDF, XML, and DwC-Archives and recommendations of existing controlled vocabularies for some of the terms. Our contribution supports open access to standardized data on plant–pollinator interactions. Conclusions: The adoption of the vocabulary would facilitate data sharing to support studies ranging from the spatial and temporal distribution of interactions to the taxonomic, phenological, functional, and phylogenetic aspects of plant–pollinator interactions. We expect to fill data and knowledge gaps, thus further enabling scientific research on the ecology and evolution of plant–pollinator communities, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem services, and the development of public policies. The proposed data model is flexible and can be adapted for sharing other types of interactions data by developing discipline-specific vocabularies of termsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Erratum to: The study of cardiovascular risk in adolescents – ERICA: rationale, design and sample characteristics of a national survey examining cardiovascular risk factor profile in Brazilian adolescents

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